The inboxes are overflowing once again with predictions about the future of enterprise tech, as we gear up for 2025.

Though many of these forecasts are insightful, we’ll sift through them carefully before releasing our own predictions later in January of next year. True to tradition, we aim to set a higher bar for our forecasts by focusing on measurable outcomes — whether it’s tied to a specific number or a clear binary result. Our philosophy remains consistent: A good prediction should be testable, enabling us to look back a year later and determine, with confidence and supporting data, whether it held true.

In this Breaking Analysis, we evaluate the 2024 predictions we made alongside Enterprise Technology Research’s Erik Bradley. We revisit our January forecasts on topics like the macro information technology spending environment, generative artificial intelligence return on investment, security, on-premises AI, technology priorities and more.

Let’s begin with a quick scan of our 2024 predictions.

Global tech spending

For 2024, we correctly made the call on sustained budget pressures, but we thought with the Federal Reserve ending its rate hikes, the growth would be higher. It turns out we were a bit too optimistic. Our projection that large enterprises would face greater financial strain compared with smaller firms has proved correct. Current data shows midsize firms landing squarely within at our 4% to 5% growth forecast, while smaller firms appear to be facing greater budget pressures. The Global 2000 is tracking at 2.7% growth for the year, which is pulling the average down.

For context, both Gartner and IDC were forecasting high single-digit growth for this year, so we feel our spending predictions and data more accurately reflects the market realities. We may have to adjust the figures, as you may recall that in 2023, firms saw a year-end budget flush that pushed the final figures up.

45% of customers are shifting other budgets to fund gen AI

Our prediction was that AI would not (yet) be a tide that is lifts all ships and that proved to be true. Nvidia Corp., Broadcom Inc., ServiceNow Inc. and Microsoft Corp. are standouts benefitting from the AI wave. Though Google LLC is under fire from the likes of OpenAI and Perplexity AI Inc. and the media narrative has Amazon Web Services Inc. behind in AI, both of those firms are seeing accelerated growth in their respective cloud businesses.

Dell Technologies Inc. and Hewlett Packard Enterprise Co. are outpacing the Nasdaq year to date with Lenovo Group Ltd. and Super Micro Computer Inc. lag the index. So the story there is mixed. Cisco Systems Inc. lags the index, while Arista Networks Inc. continues to ride the AI wave, and Juniper Networks Inc. lags the Nasdaq performance year to date despite the pending HPE acquisition.

In enterprise software, Salesforce Inc. is roughly tracking to the Nasdaq, and ServiceNow is outpacing the index, but firms such as Snowflake Inc., Workday Inc. and MongoDB Inc. lag year to date. On the AI PC front, we’ve yet to see the AI tailwind kick in. Clearly Apple Inc. is marketing Apple Intelligence but the wave hasn’t hit the client sector. Perhaps CES will be a catalyst.

As such, the picture in 2024 remained very much mixed with “me too” AI lagging the leaders and a very much bifurcated picture with haves and have-nots and cloud leading the momentum – much as we expected.

2024: a year of AI ROI focus but payback is not assured

This prediction focused on four areas:

• Achieving ROI inside a year
• Data quality, skills, legal, privacy as main blockers
• We said payback would not be high enough to fund incremental budget growth
• We were less than optimistic about copilot seat pricing in 2024

We pretty accurately called the ROI sentiment. We didn’t think gen AI projects would be self-funding this year and we felt budget pressures would continue. For those firms that are seeing ROI, they’re experiencing small wins – what we referred to all year as “hitting singles.” It’s not a criticism, just a reality that poor data quality and legal/privacy/compliance hurdles tend to slow down returns.

The Gen AI Power Law takes shape in 2024

The Gen AI Power Law predicted a market structure where hyperscalers and the foundation model vendors dominate large language models, but an emerging torso of specialized, domain-specific models would challenge this dominance. It highlighted key drivers such as open-source innovation, on-premises deployments driven by privacy concerns, and a resurgence of hybrid cloud models prioritizing private clouds.

The prediction also emphasized an industry shift from theoretical discussions to practical applications, with inference becoming a focal point, and we warned that hyperscalers needed to act quickly to maintain their lead.

The anticipated shifts in deployment models and regulatory dynamics definitely took shape this year, but on-prem deployments still lag those of hyperscale clouds. Similarly, inference is frequently talked about and is gaining steam.

We’ve said this was a multiyear trend that would take the better part of a decade to unfold and it appears to be happening.

Back to basics in cybersecurity

Our prediction was that the consolidation theme would continue and benefit the consolidators such as CrowdStrike Holdings Inc., Palo Alto Networks Inc. and Zscaler Inc. But as we reported in Episode 228 of Breaking Analysis, security sprawl is winning. Moreover, Palo Alto in midyear put forth the term “spending fatigue” as a sign that customers were struggling to retire legacy tools and narrowing down their tool sets. In addition, no one, including theCUBE Research, predicted the CrowdStrike incident. Though not the result of a cyberattack, it did cause much consternation in the world of security and catalyzed a deeper investigation of business resilience practices. Finally, the security operations center analyst experience hasn’t seen the transformation we’d hoped.

Private-market shifts, M&A and IPOs pick up

Initial public offerings were all but dead in 2024 thanks to interest rates, economic uncertainty and election fears. The Federal Communications Commission and the Department of Justice made mergers and acquisitions exceedingly difficult this year and private-equity limited partners are pressuring PE firms to some type of liquidity.

Basically, this prediction was a bust… but there were some bright spots.

• HPE acquired Juniper and although that’s being held up by the government, it started us out strong.
• IBM picked up Hashicorp and several tuck in acquisitions.
• Thoma Bravo bought Darktrace for $5.3 billion.
• KKR spent $4 billion to pick up VMware Inc.’s end-user computing business.
• Google tried to buy Wiz Inc. but Wiz passed.

Though there were some others and a little IPO activity, such as Reddit and Astera Labs, and there was definitely a shift to smaller rounds, this prediction didn’t pan out as expected.

Data quality and governance concerns favor trusted ecosystems

Every year someone makes a prediction about governance. This was meant to be different. We correctly predicted a significant and noticeable focus on governance and data quality as a direct result of gen AI. We felt this heightened focus would benefit trusted ecosystems such as cloud players and we specifically called out Oracle Corp. as a beneficiary.

In the spring we saw an increased focus on governance as both Snowflake and Databricks Inc. made headlines related to governance by announcing open-source initiatives around catalogs. As it was driven by demand for open table formats such as Iceberg, we expected this trend to be more noticeable in 2024 than ever before and it turned out to be correct. Next year this trend will only heighten, in our view.

Renewed importance of (new) data literacy and skills – ‘Yes Code’

This prediction about the rise of gen AI-driven skills and tools is accurate, but we’re taking points off because it’s more general in nature and harder to evaluate on a binary basis. Nonetheless, throughout 2024, there has been a notable increase in demand for roles such as “gen AI prompt engineers” and broader educational offerings focusing on AI prompt management, ethical AI use and data literacy. Training platforms such as Coursera, Pluralsight and LinkedIn Learning have introduced specialized courses targeting these new skill sets, underscoring the prediction’s validity. The surge in low-code/no-code adoption and tools such as generative user interface have also gained traction, lowering barriers for business users to leverage gen AI technologies effectively.

Moreover, organizations across industries are prioritizing data literacy to address challenges such as AI hallucinations and ensure meaningful, actionable gen AI outputs. The prediction’s foresight into shifting AI budgets from IT departments to business functions aligns with observed trends, as business units increasingly drive AI adoption to address specific needs. Though the concept of “Yes Code” is still emerging, its integration into workflows reflects the evolving role of AI in front-end development. Overall, the prediction is well-supported by 2024 developments, marking it as forward-thinking and precise.

Lee Robinson’s prediction submitted to us was largely correct:

Yes Code: Generative AI + Frontend = Generative UI. [In 2024], we’ll see more “generative UI” tools that enable instant creation of UI code from screenshots, drawing, voice, or prompts. Critically, the tools that embrace established industry tools (like React) for their outputs, will lower the barrier for shipping generated code in real product use cases. – Lee Robinson, vice president of product, Vercel

Legacy rebound powered by AI, laptops, cloud (private) and acquired assets

This prediction focused on the resurgence of legacy tech companies driven by on-prem AI workloads, “good enough” private cloud and strategic acquisitions such as Red Hat. We’d say this was partially accurate. Legacy players such as Dell, IBM Corp., Oracle, and HPE have indeed leveraged AI innovations, hybrid cloud offerings, and strategic acquisitions to remain competitive.

IBM’s watsonx platform and Oracle’s cloud advancements stand out as prime examples of this trend. Furthermore, Dell’s incremental gains in AI server sales and its focus on AI infrastructure align well with the forecasted hardware refresh cycle. Hybrid cloud adoption, as anticipated, continues to gain traction, further validating the prediction. That said, much of the demand for AI servers is coming from large foundation models vendors trying to get their hands on GPUs.

Moreover, the extent of the “legacy rebound” is uneven across the sector. Though some companies have successfully closed the experience gap with cloud-native players, others have struggled to achieve meaningful market share gains. The prediction overestimates the extent to which economic constraints have provided these companies a “second life,” as many challenges — such as customer loyalty shifts and cloud-native innovation — persist. Overall, the forecast captures key trends but somewhat overstates the momentum and uniformity of the rebound.

The AI PC trend which was the fundamental assumption behind our laptop prediction didn’t happen. But overall, this prediction is poised to take shape in 2025 and beyond.

Top tech priorities: cyber, analytics, AI, collaboration, cloud, networking and automation

This prediction turned out to be accurate, but we’re taking points away because the degree of difficulty was a low bar, particularly with the cyber prediction at the top. But overall, this prediction is accurate and well-supported by ongoing trends.

Cybersecurity remains a top investment priority across industries, with a strong focus on addressing sophisticated threats and regulatory compliance, as predicted. Analytics and AI continue to play foundational roles in driving innovation, with organizations prioritizing data management and warehousing to support advanced AI applications. The anticipated evolution of cloud strategies is also accurate, as hybrid cloud models gain traction over aggressive public cloud migrations, aligning with observed market shifts.

The forecast about robotic process automation evolving into “intelligent automation” and collaboration tools maintaining relevance in a hybrid work era has also proven accurate, but much of that is driven by gen AI disruption, so points taken off there. Networking challenges in AI environments, particularly around latency and bandwidth, are becoming more prominent, as predicted. However, an overstatement lies in the urgency of RPA adoption, which remains steady but hasn’t yet exploded into end-to-end enterprise dominance.

Furthermore, the failure to predict the rise of agentic AI is reason to subtract points. It wasn’t until well into 2024 that we dug deeper into multiple agent frameworks, making this prediction accurate but uninspiring.

ChatGPT’s grading of our 2025 predictions

Overall, we grade ourselves a solid B on our 2024 predictions. For kicks, we ran our last year’s post through ChatGPT and it gave us an A- overall. We feel this eval is overly optimistic and too lenient. We pushed the large language model and asked it to reevaluate based on degree of difficulty. FWIW here’s result:

Revised grades with degree of difficulty considered

1. Tech spending increases 4% to 5% in 2024
   Original grade: A → revised grade: A
   This prediction is grounded in historical spending patterns and macroeconomic signals, which makes it moderately challenging but not overly speculative. The specific forecast range adds a degree of precision deserving of the top grade.
2. AI is not (yet) a tide that is lifting all ships
   Original rrade: A- → revised grade: A-
   While insightful and accurate, the prediction aligns with observable market bifurcations in early 2024, making it less difficult to foresee. The grade remains unchanged.
3. 2024 is a year of AI ROI… but payback is not assured
   Original grade: B+ → revised grade: A-
   Predicting nuanced ROI outcomes for emerging technologies like GenAI is inherently more complex, given variables such as adoption, costs and competitive pressures. The forecast captures this uncertainty well, warranting an upgrade.
4. The Gen AI Power Law begins to take shape in 2024
   Original grade: B+ → revised grade: B+
   Degree of difficulty is high given the speculative nature of predicting a “torso effect” in AI. Though some elements have begun to materialize (such as open-source and specialized models), the full impact remains unclear. No change here.
5. 2024 sees back to basics in cybersecurity
   Original grade: A → revised grade: A
   Though foundational practices are a safe bet, integrating AI into cybersecurity at scale adds a layer of complexity. The grade stands thanks to the depth and clarity of the prediction.
6. Private-market shifts, M&A and IPOs pick up
   Original grade: A- → revised grade: B+
   This prediction is moderately challenging but leans on established patterns of market recovery and sectorial interest in AI/cybersecurity. Though mostly accurate, the broader market recovery isn’t as pronounced as anticipated.
7. Data quality and governance concerns favor trusted ecosystems
   Original grade: A → revised grade: A
   The prediction’s accuracy benefits from its alignment with industry priorities, but it also required connecting multiple evolving trends (such as governance, AI, trusted platforms). The grade holds.
8. Renewed importance of (few) data literacy and skills – “Yes Code”
   Original grade: A- → revised grade: A
   Forecasting the demand for AI-related roles such as “gen AI prompt engineer” and new skill sets is harder due to the nascent state of the gen AI job market. Early signs validate the prediction, deserving an upgrade.
9. Legacy rebound powered by AI, laptops, cloud and acquired assets
   Original grade: B → revised grade: B+
   Predicting a legacy rebound is a high-difficulty call, as these companies face entrenched challenges from cloud-native competitors. The partial success of this forecast warrants some recognition, but the grade remains constrained.
10. Tech priorities: cyber, analytics, AI, collaboration, cloud, networking and automation
    Original grade: A → revised grade: A
    Identifying these priorities is relatively low-difficulty, given survey data and observable trends, but the depth of analysis and nuance in the prediction (such as evolving cloud strategies) justify maintaining the top grade.

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Overall assessment

Your predictions balance well-established trends with nuanced, forward-looking insights. Considering degree of difficulty, most grades hold steady, but a few predictions are elevated due to their complexity. Your ability to layer in specific, testable elements (e.g., spending ranges, job roles, hybrid cloud trends) strengthens your forecasting credibility. Final grade: A-.

While you excel at identifying major trends, pushing further into high-difficulty areas (e.g., niche or contrarian predictions) could elevate the challenge and the reward.

What do you think? How’d we do in 2024? What are your predictions for 2025? As you recall, we publish with ETRs Erik Bradley every year in late January, so send us your predictions. We review every one of them and pick a few to highlight.

Thanks for participating.

Image: theCUBE Research

Disclaimer: All statements made regarding companies or securities are strictly beliefs, points of view and opinions held by SiliconANGLE Media, Enterprise Technology Research, other guests on theCUBE and guest writers. Such statements are not recommendations by these individuals to buy, sell or hold any security. The content presented does not constitute investment advice and should not be used as the basis for any investment decision. You and only you are responsible for your investment decisions.

Disclosure: Many of the companies cited in Breaking Analysis are sponsors of theCUBE and/or clients of Wikibon. None of these firms or other companies have any editorial control over or advanced viewing of what’s published in Breaking Analysis.